In structural detailing, the project is initiated by the structural engineer. The architectural drawings are prepared by the architect to the required scale and specification given to him by the client.

The structural engineer designs the structural frame work of the building and specification required such as slab, beam, column and foundation.

For proper clearification and understanding, the structure is broken down into its component parts and detailed keeping in mind the design consideration.

Structural detailing is the transformation of the works of the structural Engineer into working drawing for the builders to use without any cumbersome.

The methods, symbols and notations used are standardized for uniformity despite the multi-diversity natures of the construction industry. The standard method of measurement and notations ofdetailing a building should be understood before carying the exercise.

The purpose of their written account is to present a straight forward introduction to the basic standard method in detailing reinforced concrete structure and their component parts. Here a structural detailing of three bedroom duplex has been chosen as the project.

Both the architectural work and the civil engineering work have been completed. The subject matter has been arranged so that chapter 1-4 covers the description of basic material and engineering design specification while the last chapter covers the actual detailing of the components, all details are shown in plan elevation and section.

LIST OF ABBREVIATION

For detailing of reinforced concrete, the abbreviation recommended for this project are enlisted as follows:

TYPES OF REINFORCEMENT

Y – high yield

R = round mild steel bars

COMMENTS RELATING TO REINFORCEMENTS

T – top placed

B  – bottom placed

@ – centres

c/c – centre to centre

GENERAL ABBREVIATION

Rc – reinforced concrete

Drw – drawings

Fdn – foundation

Conc – concrete

Dia – diameter

Bs – British standard

Cp – code of practice

Nos – numbers

Hf – thickness of flange

Fy – characteristic strenght of reinforcement

Fyy – characteristic strenght of link reinforcement

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Chapter one

Introduction

Chapter two

Reinforced concrete

Chapter three

General principles of detailing of reinforcement concrete

Chapter four

Design information and structural summary

Chapter five

The engineer’s design specification

Chapter six

Detailing of the elements

Bibliography

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

The work in the construction industry involves the client, the Architect, the Engineer, the quantity surveyor and the builders. A structural project is initiated by the Engineer (civil Engineer).

The process of designing begins with the enginer’s appreciation of the client’s requirements. After the specification given to the engineer by architect according to the requirement of the client, the engineer develops different structural schem from the architectural plan and calculated the ultimate bending moment and designed load, which will help him to know te axid C load and neutral axis where the structure is liable to settle and develops sagging or hpgging due to improper use of reinforcement bar. Having considered the use of material and erection methods and then comes up with the final work of full structural analysis and detailed design.

Structural detailing can be defined as the process by which the design of a structural system is drafted in a form that a builder can use for construction for easy establishment.

Also structural drawings are the principle means by which the designer communicates his requirements in a clean and unambiguois manner to the builder.

This project outlines the important components and basic techniques and methods required for structural detailing of a reinforced concrete duplex.

The structural drawing is simple to interprete, dimensions are clear. Bar bending schedules showing now the reinforcement bars are to be bend are also provided. This is essential to the quantity survey or cost estimates of the project and to the steel to supply and also to the iron bender to determine the bends dimension.

A summary of design specification’s information and structural consideration are provided standard scales and abbreviation are used to ensure the uniforimity. The structural elements, beams, column, slabs, foundations have been detailed and shown in plans, elevations and sections.

It is therefore believed that this project will fulfil its requirements and serve its purpose of guiding the reader through the process of basic structural detailing.