ABSTRACT

This research examines “the review of motivation as a management tool
for increasing the productivity of employees, a case study of Emenite
Limited, Emene, Enugu State. The researcher adopted descriptive survey
design. The population of the study is 224 while the sample size is 144.
The researcher used both primary and secondary sources of data. In view
of this, four research questions were formulated to generate expected
answers. Literal works were reviewed for proper understanding and
guidance. Questionnaires, personal interview and observation were used
for collection of primary data. Secondary sources of data were collected
from textbooks, periodicals, articles and journals. Tables and simple
percentage were used for data presentation and analysis. Based on the
findings, the researcher found out that salary increase, fringe benefit,
regular training, promotion and favourable working conditions are good
motivational technique. The management of Emenite Limited adopts various
motivational techniques including roofing and ceiling their staff
houses at a cheaper rate. Finally the researcher proffered among others
prompt payment of salary to their employee that will improve motivation
in the company.

CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION

1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY.
In every organization, large or small, private or public enterprise,
human resources (employees) are always the pillar to the success of the
organization. These human elements have their individual drives,
desires, needs, wishes and similar forces which they intend to satisfy
when they are coming into an organization. Satisfaction or
non-satisfaction of these needs by the organization has an impact on the
behaviour or performance of the employee and eventually on
productivity.
The usefulness of motivation cannot be over emphasized. Every
organization depends on motivation amongst other factors for the
attainment of their objectives. Organizational objectives cannot be
fully achieved unless the employees are trained and motivated to acquire
the necessary skills, knowledge, and ability to perform their jobs
effectively and efficiently. With the drive towards technological
advancement in Nigeria, motivating and training of employees are
inevitable, the monetary incentives like bonuses, wages, salary
increment etc. are to motivate the employees thereby making them to put
more effort in their work which help to improve the level of
productivity in both private and public industries.
Motivation is defined differently by different authors. According to
Koontz and O’Donnell (1980, p.334), motivation is defined as a means of
inducing people to act in a desired manner. Also Pinder (1984:24)
defines motivation as the force within a person that affects his or her
direction, intensity and persistence of voluntary behaviour.
The major problem of motivation is how to induce a group of people, each
with a distinctive set of needs and a unique personality to work
together towards the achievement of organizational objectives. The
ability to understand why people behave the way they do and the ability
to motivate them to behave in a specified desired manner are two inter
related qualities which are very important for managerial effectiveness.
Luthans (1998:8) posits that motivation is the process that arouses,
energizes, directs and sustains behaviours and performances. That is, it
is the process of stimulating people to action, being committed towards
achieving a desired objective, one way of doing this is to employ
proper motivational technique which makes workers more satisfied with
and committed to their job.
The most concern of employer is to make the employees to contribute to
the attainment of organizational objectives, but they should know that
if the employees are not happy with the management of the organization;
there will be a very low rate of production in the organization. That is
why Hekina and Jones (1967)
visualize that employees should be seen and valued as assets for the
allocation of organizational resources. This project will be based on
the review of motivation as a management tool for increasing the
productivity of employees using Emenite Nigeria Plc., Emene as a case
study.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE STUDY
Organizations do not lay emphasis on the importance of understanding and
applying various proper motivational techniques in designing and
creating an environment for performance leading to productivity.
This research work problem is to find out how motivation can bring about
increase in productivity in an organization on the basis of information
which i have found out, I will make recommendations for the problems.
Many organizations are apparently unaware of the benefits derived from
motivating their employees, this makes their performance to be very poor
and the problems here are:
1. Organizations see motivating their workforce as something not too
important because they do not value the employees in their organization;
2. Organizations lack an enabling environment for work performance, poor
incentives, tribalism and sentiments, bureaucracy and quota systems
helps in contributing to poor performance in an organization.
3. Organizations see motivating their employees as a waste of time and
money and even if some are trained, some of them are adamant to change.
1.3. OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY.
The general objective of this study is to review motivation as a
management tool for increasing the productivity of employees in Emenite
Limited. Meanwhile, other objectives of this study will include:
1. To examine the motivational techniques applied by the management of
Emenite Limited to enhance the productivity of its employees.
2. To know the impact of motivation on workers’ productivity in Emenite
3. To find out how the present situation can be improved.
4. To determine the extent of the impact of the motivational strategies used on workers’ productivity in Emenite.
5. To suggest ways and make adequate recommendation on increased workers’ productivity in private and public sectors.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS.
This part is aimed at helping the researcher to adequately address the
research problem and also to investigate beyond what is already known
for the purpose of this research, seven research will be maintained as
follow;
1. To what extent is motivation beneficial to organizational productivities?
2. What are the impacts of the motivational techniques on employee’s performance?
3. To what extent does effective training and development of employees influence the level of productivity?
4. What are the factors affecting productivity in Emenite.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY.
This study is significantly important to the following sectors:
1) Management experts and policy makers: it would enable management
experts and policy makers in the formulation and implementation of
policies internally; it will benefit the management and staff as well as
the shareholders. Through this study, managers will be informed of
various motivational factors that are helpful in obtaining improved work
performance by the employees:
2) Future researchers: it will help the future researchers to know about
those motivational strategies in Emenite Nigeria Plc. and changes that
could be made for better; and also to enable the researcher have
thorough idea of how motivation can improve productivity in Emenite
Nigeria Plc. Enugu.
3) The staff: the staff stand to benefit by availing them the opportunity for self-motivation and work performance.
4) The government: the significance are beneficial to government in its
policy formulation and review of existing laws, regulations and bye laws
for achieving maximum efficiency and productivity. The organization is
interested in improved work performance of her employees as a way of
enhancing profitability. Thus it would attain growth through improving
the workers motivational factors of efficiency.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY.
This research study will cover motivation as a management tool for
increasing the productivity of employees in Emenite Limited Located at
Emene, Enugu state in the Eastern region of Nigeria within the period of
the year 2012.
1.7 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY.
Some limitation that were identified and encountered in the process of the study includes:
1. Financial constraints: in running around to gather materials for this
study, considering the economic meltdown, money and other resources
were involved which delayed the completion of this work.
2. Attitude of Respondents: the researcher found it difficult initially
to source required information from the members of staff of Emenite
Nigeria plc. This also delayed the completion of this work.
3. Time and effort: the researcher was constrained by time and effort in running round for the completion of this project.
4. Electricity: the researcher had a hard time in typing, proof reading,
editing, and printing of this work due to the incessant seizure and
interruption of power supply by power holdings limited
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS
WAEC: West African Examination Council
GCE: General Certificate of Education
NECO: National Examination Council
B.Sc.: Bachelor of Sciences
HND: Higher National Diploma
MBA: Master of Business Administration
MSc: Master of Science
PhD: Doctor of Philosophy
OND: Ordinary National Diploma
NCE: Nigeria Certificate in Education

REFERENCE

Koontz, H. & Cyril, O. D. (1980). Management, International student. (Ed.) New York: McGraw hill book Co.
Hertzberg, F. (1993). Work and Nature of Man. 1st Edition. London: Staples Press.
Luthans, P. (2001). Management, 4th Edition. New York; McGraw book Co.
Norbert, M. (1999). Management and Organization Theory and Practice, Enugu: Churchill International Ltd.
Okpara, C. (2011). Impact of Motivation on Organisational Performance. Enugu

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