Assessment of potentials of FUELS-LESS generator by Alternative to energy insecurity among small business in Nasarawa state

TITLE PAGE    

ABSTRACT

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION

1.1    Background of the study

1.2    Statement of the problem

1.3    Objective of the study

1.4    Research question

1.5    Significance of the study

1.6    Scope of the study

1.7 Limitation of the study

1.8 Definition of terms

CHAPTER TWO: REVIEW OF LITERATURE

2.1    Conceptual framework’

2.2    Theoretical Framework

CHAPTER THREE: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

3.1    Research Design

3.2    Population of the study

3.3    Sample size determination

3.4    Sample size selection technique and procedure

3.5    Research Instrument and Administration

3.6    Method of data collection

3.7    Method of data analysis

3.8    Validity and Reliability of the study

CHAPTER FOUR: DATA PRESENTATION AND ANALYSIS

4.1    Data Presentation

4.2    Answering Research Questions

CHAPTER FIVE: SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1    Summary

5.2    Conclusion

5.3    Recommendation

References

Appendix

 

Abstract

This study was on assessment of potentials  of FUELS-LESS generator by Alternative to energy insecurity among small business in Nasarawa state. There is need for engineers to search for alternative power source as it is important due to need for a cleaner source of power that is environmental friendly. Fuelless power generator as fuel less generation is a device that is understood to function without the need for internal combustion engine which usually request for fuel as a source of input while power inverter or an inverter is an electrical power converter that changes direct current (D.C) to alternating current (A.C). the study recommended that it is reliable to use fuelless generator in SME.

 

Chapter one

Introduction

The need for Power generation and distribution is vital for the has been a requisite factor in the progress of an economy, ranging from manufacturing, banking, media, health care, aviation, etc. Ulaby (1999) States that majority of the problems of Nigeria is traceable to the erratic power supply nature of the country, where many activities has been paralyzed due to the power outage. In the present time most power generation principles induce environmental pollution which leads to degradation or depletion of ozone layer is one of the major problems caused by the use of generator with fossil fuels. Increase in the cost of fossil fuel which has been one of the major prime movers in the internal combustion engine (ICE) has been noticed compared to the fuel-free power generation system. Consequently, it is for our great advance to design power generating set that will not make use fuel to produce voltage.

Abdullah et al (2012) has observed that at present, the importance of alternative energy source has become even more crucial matter not only due to the continuous depletion of limited fossil fuel stock but also for the safe, better and greener environment. Adewumi (2014) has noticed that power generation, transmission and distribution has been an indispensable factor in the progress of an economy, ranging from manufacturing, banking, media, health care, aviation, etc. It has however been proved that power skyrocket the productivity of a country. Environmental pollution which leads to degradation or depletion of ozone layer is one of the major problems caused by the use of generator with fossil fuels (Ajav, 2012). Other problem includes land and water pollution, noise pollution, increase in price of fossil fuel year in year out, among others. Recently, increase in energy demand and limited energy sources in the world caused the researchers to make effort to provide new and renewable energy sources for the usage in an economical and safe way. (Hassan and Mohammed, 2011).

Fuel less generator are used to operate electrical equipment from the power produced by a car or boat battery or renewable energy sources, like solar panels or wind turbines. DC power is what batteries store, while AC power is what most electrical appliances need to run so generator is necessary to convert the power into a usable form.

The wave form of the generator is pure sine wave. In pure sine-wave, the output voltage of a sine-wave generator has a sine wave-form like the sine wave-form of the mains / utility voltage. In a sine wave, the voltage rises and falls smoothly with a smoothly changing phase angle and also changes its polarity instantly when it crosses 0 Volts.

Fuelless generators are used to operate sensitive electronic devices that require high quality waveform with little harmonic distortion. In addition, they have high surge capacity which means they are able to exceed their rated wattage for a limited time. This enables power motors to start easily which can draw up to seven times their rated wattage during start up. Virtually any electronic device will operate with the output from a pure sine fuelless generator.

The importance of power supply to economic development of any nation cannot be overemphasized. Availability and access to reliable electricity supply have a rippling effect on productivity and welfare of society. Turning to the small and medium enterprises (SMEs, hereafter also known as firms), power supply serves as an indispensable input in their activities. Apart from its necessity for running many industrial machines, its role in the productivity of human capital is enormous. Virtually, all business activities, especially industrial units, require a constant and effective flow of electricity. Similarly, serving as an input in production processes, electricity also contributes greatly to product marketing. In many cases, availability of power supply plays important role in storing finished goods ahead of demand and therefore enhances consumers’ satisfaction by assisting in making the goods available to consumers when needed. This also helps in building firm’s image and protects firm’s reputation as a result of customer’s trust being sustained on having their demand met. The forgoing issue points out that, poor electricity supply or lack of quality and available power supply to the public and the business enterprises is a hindrance to economic development. Poor power supply has the tendency of retarding economic growth and development, as well as the socio-economic welfare of the people. It affects firm’s productivities such as causing many inputs to be idle when there is power outage. Adding up to this problem is that power outages result in huge business loss and retard SMEs activities. This problem gives business owners alternative to go for fuel less generator where there will be no power interruption. Based on this the researcher wants to assess the potential of FUELS-LESS generator by Alternative to energy insecurity among small business in Nasarawa state

Statement of the problem

The Nigerian power system is characterized by series of constant power failures and outage, most of which are either technical or non-technical in nature. This is a very huge problem to SME, which sometimes interrupt the process of their business. These problems range from tripping of lines on account of faulty equipment to constant increase in load more than the available power supply. Others may be natural or weather related problems like wind, flood, earthquakes and such likes. The proliferation of generating sets and the consequent, air pollution/noise is on increase on daily basis because of these problems, and this calls for a change in direction by many SMEs owners through the use of fuel less generators. This study wants to assess of potentials of FUELS-LESS generator by Alternative to energy insecurity among small business in Nasarawa state

Objective of the study

The objectives of the study are;

1. To ascertain the effect of fuel less generator on SME performance in Nasarawa state
2. To find out how reliable is fuel less generator to SME in Nasarawa state
3. To find the challenges of using fuel less generator by SME in Nasarawa state

Research hypotheses

The research is guided by the following hypotheses

HO1: there is no effect of fuel less generator on SME performance in Nasarawa state.

H1: there is effect of fuel less generator on SME performance in Nasarawa state.

HO2: there are no challenges of using fuel less generator by SME in Nasarawa state

H1: there are challenges of using fuel less generator by SME in Nasarawa state.

Significance of the study

The study will be of huge benefit to students and the business owners. The study will give a clear insight on the assessment of potentials of FUELS-LESS generator by Alternative to energy insecurity among small business in Nasarawa state. The study will help SME to know the important of using fuelless generator in business, whether is it reliable or not. The study will also serve as a reference to other researcher that will embark on the related topic

Scope and limitation of the study

The scope of the study covers assessment of potentials  of FUELS-LESS generator by Alternative to energy insecurity among small business in Nasarawa state. The study will be limited to SME owners in Nasarawa state

The following factors poses to be a limitation during the course of this research

Financial constraint– Insufficient fund tends to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire and interview).
Time constraint– The researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. This consequently will cut down on the time devoted for the research work

Definition of terms

Fuel less generator: Fuelless power generator as fuelless generation is a device that is understood to function without the need for internal combustion engine which usually request for fuel as a source of input while power inverter or an inverter is an electrical power converter that changes direct current (D.C) to alternating current

SME: Small and medium-sized enterprises or small and medium-sized businesses are businesses whose personnel numbers fall below certain limits. The abbreviation “SME” is used by international organizations such as the World Bank, the European Union, the United Nations and the World Trade Organization.

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